Hepatic encephalopathy is when a high level of ammonia in the blood (a breakdown product of any protein) penetrates through the brain's barriers and causes side effects that affect alertness and cognitive ability. Ammonia is a potent toxin that the liver should eliminate after synthesis and excrete through the kidneys. High ammonia levels in the blood and hepatic encephalopathy may indicate liver failure and require a comprehensive liver-kidney function examination.
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